Friday, June 7, 2013

Elaver Sac Spider

A few nights ago I encountered a lively spider crawling and spinning its way through a Yellow Bell bush. Though I captured many good shots, for the life of me I couldn't identify the genus. Yet I had a feeling that this was some kind of Sac Spider (family Clubionidae). At length I found the name: Elaver. BugGuide unfortunately only has E. excepta listed, but there are 7 other species of this genus in the US & Canada. E. excepta falls far outside of my range, so this specimen must belong to one of the others. At any rate, the spider checks out as Elaver due to the distinct chevron pattern on the dorsal abdomen. Supposedly it also has 2 distal prolateral spines on the first femur, but I didn't get that close to see. I believe this specimen is a female.

Merriam-Webster defines Sac Spiders (members of Clubionidae) as "a family of terrestrial tube-weaving spiders lacking cribellum, calamistrum, and colulus." And that's just what they do: create a silken tube in which to live and store eggs. They leave this retreat at night to wander about in search of food, which they do at a rapid clip. In this respect they resemble ground spiders such as Lynx Spiders and Wolf Spiders. Also, their 8 eyes are arranged in two rows of 4.


References:
http://bugguide.net/node/view/41108 (Elaver)
http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/2000/2060A.html (Clubionidae)
http://www.bio.brandeis.edu/fieldbio/Spiders_Savransky_Suhd_Brondstatter/Pages/Fam_Clubionidae.html (some diagnostic drawings)
http://www.suttonmass.org/animals/spiders/sac/ (photos of Elaver found in Massachusetts)
http://www.biokids.umich.edu/critters/Clubionidae/
http://ednieuw.home.xs4all.nl/Spiders/Clubionidae/Clubionidae.htm

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